Energy Units and Conversion Factors
ENERGY UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS
| METRIC PREFIXES |
|---|
|
kilo (k) = 10 3 |
|
mega (M) = 10 6 |
|
giga (G) = 10 9 |
|
tera (T) = 10 12 |
|
peta (P) = 10 15 |
|
exa (E) = 10 18 |
Example: 1 TJ = 1,000 GJ = 1,000,000 MJ = 1,000,000,000 kJ = 1,000,000,000,000 J
| VOLUME |
|---|
|
1 m 3 = 1,000 litres (l) 1 US gallon = 3.785412 l 1 Imperial gallon = 4.546090 l |
| ENERGY UNIT CONVERSION | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Multiply by: |
GJ |
Toe |
MBtu |
MWh |
|
GJ |
1 |
0.024 |
0.948 |
0.278 |
|
Toe |
41.868 |
1 |
39.683 |
11.630 |
|
MBtu |
1.055 |
0.025 |
1 |
0.293 |
|
MWh |
3.600 |
0.086 |
3.412 |
1 |
Example: 1 MWh x 3.600 = 3.6 GJ
| BIOFUELS CONVERSION |
|---|
| Ethanol: 21.4 MJ / l |
| Biodiesel: 32.7 MJ / l |
| HVO: 34.4 MJ/l |
| Petrol: 36 MJ/l |
| Diesel: 41 MJ/l |
Note on Biofuels: 1) These values can vary with fuel and temperature. 2) Around 1.7 litres of ethanol is energy equivalent to 1 litre of petrol, and around 1.2 litres of biodiesel is energy equivalent to 1 litre of diesel. 3) Energy values from http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Glossary:Tonnes_of_oil_equivalent_(toe) except HVO, which is from Neste Renewable Diesel Handbook, p. 15, https://www.neste.com/sites/default/files/attachments/neste_renewable_diesel_handbook.pdf.
| SOLAR THERMAL HEAT SYSTEMS |
|---|
| 1 million m2 = 0.7 GWth |
| Used where solar thermal heat data have been converted from square metres (m2) into gigawatts-thermal (GWth), by accepted convention. |